What are clarifiers used for in wastewater treatment?

Clarifiers play a crucial role in wastewater treatment by separating treated water from settled solids, particularly after the secondary treatment process. In this context, secondary treatment typically involves biological processes where microorganisms degrade organic matter in the wastewater. After this biological treatment, the mixed liquor containing both treated water and suspended solids is transferred to the clarifier.

Inside the clarifier, gravity causes the heavier solids, known as sludge, to settle to the bottom, while the lighter, treated water rises to the surface. This separation is vital, as it allows for the collection and proper management of solids and enables the discharge of clearer, cleaner water into the environment or further treatment stages. By efficiently separating the solids from the liquids, clarifiers ensure that the treated effluent meets environmental regulations before being released.

This process enhances the overall efficiency of the wastewater treatment system by maximizing the removal of pollutants and ensuring clearer water is available for potential reuse or safe discharge.